{"id":78953,"date":"2026-04-09T15:18:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T13:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enac.gov.it\/?page_id=78953"},"modified":"2026-05-22T09:50:38","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T07:50:38","slug":"regulations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.enac.gov.it\/en\/regulations\/","title":{"rendered":"Regulations"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n

<\/span>The regulatory framework<\/span><\/h2>\n

Wildlife strike prevention is governed by a comprehensive regulatory framework operating at three levels: international (ICAO), European (EASA\/EU) and national (ENAC). This regulatory structure defines the responsibilities, procedures and technical standards that all sector operators are required to comply with.<\/p>\n

National regulations establish an explicit obligation on airport operators to implement appropriate containment measures to prevent the risk of bird and other wildlife strikes at aerodromes under their management and to limit their severity, on the basis of a risk assessment study.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span>ICAO Regulations<\/span><\/h2>\n

ICAO (the International Civil Aviation Organization) has developed Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) on wildlife strike to which all Member States, including Italy, must adhere.<\/p>\n

\n
\ud83c\udf10<\/span> ICAO Annex 14 \u2014 Aerodromes<\/strong>, Vol. I, Chapter 9.4 “Wildlife Strike Hazard Reduction”. International standards establishing the obligation to assess the risk, adopt mitigation measures, and eliminate or prevent attractants in the vicinity of aerodromes.<\/span><\/div>\n
\ud83c\udf10<\/span> ICAO Doc. 9137 AN\/898, Part 3<\/strong> \u2014 Airport Services Manual: Bird Control and Reduction. Detailed operational guidelines for risk management.<\/span><\/div>\n
\ud83c\udf10<\/span> ICAO Doc. 9184<\/strong> \u2014 Airport Planning Manual, Part 1 (Master Planning) and Part 2 (Land Use and Environmental Control). Guidance for land use planning.<\/span><\/div>\n
\ud83c\udf10<\/span> ICAO Doc. 9332<\/strong> \u2014 Manual on the ICAO Bird Strike Information System (IBIS).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
\n

<\/span>EASA and EU Regulations<\/span><\/h2>\n

At European level, EASA (the European Union Aviation Safety Agency) has issued rules that emphasise the importance of the environment external to the aerodrome and the need to monitor it.<\/p>\n

\n
\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddfa<\/span>
\nRegulation (EC) No 1108\/2009<\/strong> \u2014 Amending Regulation 216\/2008 as regards aerodromes. Annex Va establishes that operators must implement a wildlife risk management programme.<\/span>
\n\u2197 EUR-Lex<\/a><\/div>\n
\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddfa<\/span>
\nRegulation (EU) No 139\/2014<\/strong> \u2014 Technical requirements and administrative procedures relating to aerodromes. Article 10 and GM2 ADR.OPS.B.020 provide that the operator must implement a management plan covering an area of approximately 13 km from the Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP).<\/span>
\n\u2197 EUR-Lex<\/a><\/div>\n
\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddfa<\/span>
\nRegulation (EU) No 376\/2014<\/strong> \u2014 Reporting, analysis and follow-up of occurrences in civil aviation. Regulatory basis for mandatory reporting through ECCAIRS2.<\/span>
\n\u2197 EUR-Lex<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
\n

<\/span>National regulations<\/span><\/h2>\n

At national level, the subject is regulated by ENAC through the Regulations for the Construction and Operation of Airports and the related implementing circular, as well as by the Navigation Code.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Navigation Code<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u2696\ufe0f<\/span>
\nLegislative Decree 151\/2006<\/strong> \u2014 Article 707: ENAC identifies the areas adjacent to aerodromes to be subject to restrictions. Article 711: within the areas referred to in Article 707, works, plantations and activities constituting a potential attractant for wildlife are subject to limitations.<\/span>
\n\u2197 Normattiva<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/span>Enac regulations<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
\ud83d\udccb<\/span>
\nRegulations for the Construction and Operation of Airports<\/strong> \u2014 Chapter 4, para. 12 “Hazards to air navigation”; Chapter 5 “Risk of bird strike”.<\/span>
\n\u2197 ENAC<\/a><\/div>\n
\ud83d\udccb<\/span>
\nCircular APT-01B<\/strong> of 23 December 2011 \u2014 Procedures for the prevention of bird and other wildlife strike risks at aerodromes. The principal national document defining the overall framework.<\/span>
\n\u2197 ENAC<\/a><\/div>\n
\ud83d\udccb<\/span>
\nGuidelines LG 2018\/002<\/strong> of 1 October 2018 \u2014 “Wildlife strike risk management in the vicinity of aerodromes”. Defines three safeguarding zones (A: 0\u20133 km, B: 3\u20138 km, C: 8\u201313 km) and requirements for external attractants, differentiated by risk level.<\/span>
\n\u2197 ENAC<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span>Other national legislation<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
\u2696\ufe0f<\/span>
\nLaw 157\/1992<\/strong> \u2014 Provisions for the protection of warm-blooded wild fauna and for hunting. Article 2 establishes that control of bird population levels at aerodromes for the purposes of aviation safety is entrusted to the Minister of Transport (now ENAC).<\/span>
\n\u2197 Normattiva<\/a><\/div>\n
\u2696\ufe0f<\/span>
\nLaw 221\/2002<\/strong> \u2014 Amendments to aerodrome regulations.<\/span>
\n\u2197 Normattiva<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The regulatory framework Wildlife strike prevention is governed by a comprehensive regulatory framework operating at three levels: international (ICAO), European (EASA\/EU) and national (ENAC). This regulatory structure defines the responsibilities, procedures and technical standards that all sector operators are required to comply with. National regulations establish an explicit obligation on airport operators to implement appropriate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"parent":78924,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"open-data":[],"in-evidenza":[],"class_list":["post-78953","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRegulations - Ente Nazionale per l'Aviazione Civile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enac.gov.it\/en\/regulations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Regulations - Ente Nazionale per l'Aviazione Civile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The regulatory framework Wildlife strike prevention is governed by a comprehensive regulatory framework operating at three levels: international (ICAO), European (EASA\/EU) and national (ENAC). 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